Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles (AL₂O₃)
산화알루미늄 나노파티클

Description
산화알루미늄 나노파티클은 종종 나노파우더로도 불리며, 줄여서 AL₂O₃ 나노파티클으로도 불립니다. 알루미늄은 지구 상에서 풍부하게 존재하며 독특한 특성으로 다양한 제품과 산업 분야에서 널리 사용됩니다. 이 나노파티클은 폭이 약 10nm이고 길이가 20~50nm인 막대 모양을 하고 있습니다. 산화알루미늄은 두 개의 알루미늄 원자와 세 개의 산소 원자로 이루어져 있으며, 이들은 hexagonal close-packed(HCP) 결정 구조로 되어있습니다. 이 화합물은 알루미나, 또는 청금석으로도 불리며 루비와 사파이어 같은 귀금속 광물에서도 발견됩니다. 산화알루미늄의 생산과정은 항상 쾌적하거나 균일하게 진행되지 않습니다. 이 물질은 알루미늄 광석은 Bauxite에서 유래합니다. Bauxite는 알루미늄 화합물이 다른 광물과 비금속 성분과 함께 혼합된 침전 암석입니다. 여기에는 Hematite(FE₂O₃​), Quartz(SiO₂), Magnetite(Fe₃O₄)와 같은 산화물도 함유되어 있습니다. Bauxite를 획득한 후에는 Bayer공법을 이용하여 알루미늄으로 정제되며, 마지막 공정에서 알루미늄 생산 전에 알루미나를 얻을 수 있습니다. 이 과정은 Bauxtie가 뜨거운 소다수용액으로 처리된 후 수산화알루미늄을 얻은 후 열분해를 통해 알루미나로 변환됩니다. 알루미나 나노파티클은 Alumina나 Corundum으로부터 파생됩니다. 나노파티클을 생산하는 방법 중 가장 선호되는 방법은 레이저 증발법입니다. 이 방법은 생산되는 나노파티클의 크기에 다양성을 가지고 있으며 레이저 빔이 순수하기 때문에 순수한 나노파티클을 얻기 쉽습니다.​

Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles often called Aluminium Oxide Nanopowder and abbreviated as AL₂O₃ Nanoparticles, are spherical nanosized particles of alumina. Aluminium is available abundantly on earth. It has wide applications in different consumer products and applications due to its novel characteristics. AL₂O₃ nanoparticles have a rod-like shape with a width around 10 nm and a length between 20–50 nm. Aluminium oxide consists of two aluminium atoms and three oxygen atoms. They are bonded collectively in a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystal structure. The general name of the compound is alumina or corundum, which are also the core mineral found in rubies and sapphires. It isn’t very pleasant and homogeneously oxidized. The derivation of Aluminium oxide is done from the ore of Aluminium – the bauxite mineral. Bauxite is a sedimentary rock with Aluminium compounds in a mixture with other minerals and non-metals. It also has oxides such as hematite (Fe2O3), quartz (SiO2), and magnetite (Fe3O4). After obtaining bauxite, it is crushed and purified into Aluminium by the Bayer process. Alumina is achieved before the final Aluminium production. This takes place just after the bauxite is coated with a hot sodium hydroxide solution to obtain Aluminium hydroxide. It is then calcinated into alumina. Alumina nanoparticles develop from the alumina or corundum. The preferred method of nanoparticle production is laser ablation. It has versatility in terms of the size of the produced nanoparticles. As the laser beam is pure, it is easy to obtain the purest nanoparticles differently.

The laser beam interacts with the solid it focuses on, forms plasma, and evaporates types of particles. The expanded channel then encounters the ambient gas or fluid that interacts with the beam to form alumina nanoparticles in the configuration.


Properties of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles
· 이소프로판올에서의 기준으로 제품의 농도는 20 wt.% 입니다.

· 입자 크기는 50nm 이하입니다(DLS)

· ​pH 농도는 평균적으로 8~10 사이입니다.

​· 밀도는 25°C​ 기준 0.79 g/cm3 입니다.

· ​전기 절연성이 우수하여, 절연도는 일반적으로 1x1014~1x1015 Ω​cm 범위입니다.

· ​기계적 강도는 300~630MPa 입니다.​

· 압축 강도는 2,000~4,000MPa 입니다.

· 15~19GPA의 고경도​​를 가지고 있습니다.

· 열 전도도는 20~30W/mK입니다.

· ​외부 요소에 대해 높은 부식 저항성을 가지고 있습니다.

· ​생물한적으로 이상이 없으며 식품용으로도 사용 가능합니다.

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· The concentration of the product is 20 wt. % in isopropanol
· The particle size <50 nm (DLS)
· The pH level of the product is 8-10.
· The density of the product is 0.79 g/cm3 at 25 °C
· It has good electrical insulation (1×1014 to 1×1015 Ωcm)
· It displays high mechanical strength ranging from 300 to 630 MPa
· It has a high compressive strength ranging from 2,000 to 4,000 MPa
· The product has a high hardness exhibiting a range from 15 to 19 GPa
· The Moderate thermal conductivity is 20 to 30 W/mK
· It has high corrosion resistance and is immune to wear due to external elements with excellent gliding properties.
· The operating temperature of the product without mechanical load is 1,000 to 1,500°C.
· It is compatible with Bio inert and food.

Applications of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles

Pharmaceuticals
It is beneficial in different branches of medicine. It helps for drug delivery as it holds the accuracy of the dosage that it can release at a programmed time and location in the body. The stability of Alumina nanoparticles makes it a good option for intravenous drug delivery. It can be effective for drug delivery in parts of the body with very low ph.

Advanced ceramic material
AL₂O₃ nanoparticles application include heavy-duty forming tools, tiles for wear protection and ballistics, substrates, and resistor cores in the electronics industry, seal and regulator discs for water taps and valves, thread guides in textile engineering, heat-sinks for lighting systems, protection tubes in thermal processes or catalyst carriers in the chemicals industry.

Materials Manufacturing
It has uses in the cosmetics industry as fillers high strength ceramics, designed as single crystals for YAG laser applications, etc. In the mechanical industry, it is used as a cutting tool. Aluminium Oxide Nanopowder shows potential as an ideal ingredient in producing advanced heat transfer fluids. Its applications include baseboards of integrated circuits, vapour depositing substances, polishing materials, packaging materials mixed into plastics for increased hardness, and much more. It has low friction and outstanding durability, making it a good option for additive for any number of composites, as it offers an enhanced wear resistance.


How to Use Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles?
· Determine the aim of the experiment. The researchers need – Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles, surfactant, sonic probe, beaker, or container to disperse the product.
· Researchers can opt for chemical surfactants or organic solvents like citric acid or acetic acid. The dispersion of the particles can also be carried out with water.
· Take appropriate amount of Nanopowder and solution for dispersion.
· Slowly add the surfactant to the Nanopowder.
· Do not mix it briskly as it damages the properties of the Aluminium Oxide Nanopowder.
· Use a sonic probe and make sure that the product mixes well.